Subject 5 of 10

Cost of Ownership

What owning the vehicle for 5 years actually costs in dollars — purchase price, depreciation, and maintenance — plus warranty coverage and manufacturer ownership benefits. Deliberately excludes insurance, financing, taxes/registration, and fuel/energy cost, since those depend on the driver and where they live, not on the vehicle itself.

criteria

7 measured specs

295

graded models

973

scored model years

2017–2026

criteria with trend data

The whole picture

Fleet median, Ownership Cost

0.85F

42.9 of 100 points · mean 42.8
across 295 graded models

Each model counts once, at its latest scored year. The subject score is the weighted average of every criterion that applies to that vehicle.

How the score is built

Each segment is as wide as that criterion's share of the weight, and filled to the fleet's median score on it. A wide segment left mostly empty is where the fleet loses points. A narrow one cannot move the grade however well the fleet does on it.

5.1 Financial Ownership Cost5.2 Warranty & Coverage5.3 Ownership Benefits

Hover a segment for its weight and fleet median, or click it for the full criterion page.

See the numbers

Criterion	Group	Weight	Fleet median	Points of possible	Models
Base MSRP	5.1 Financial Ownership Cost	0.0%	42	0.0 / 0.0	295
Volume-Trim Price	5.1 Financial Ownership Cost	0.0%	35	0.0 / 0.0	295
5-Year Maintenance & Repair Cost	5.1 Financial Ownership Cost	0.0%	57	0.0 / 0.0	295
5-Year Resale Value Retention	5.1 Financial Ownership Cost	0.0%	33	0.0 / 0.0	295
Effective 5-Year Ownership Cost	5.1 Financial Ownership Cost	70.0%	45	31.5 / 70.0	295
Basic warranty	5.2 Warranty & Coverage	7.5%	50	3.8 / 7.5	295
Powertrain warranty	5.2 Warranty & Coverage	7.5%	0	0.0 / 7.5	295
Complimentary maintenance & perks	5.3 Ownership Benefits	15.0%	55	8.3 / 15.0	295
Typical total (weighted medians)				43.5 / 100

The weighted sum of per criterion medians (43.5) differs slightly from the median subject score (42.9). Criteria that do not apply to a vehicle are omitted and its weights renormalize, so no single car is scored on exactly this mix.

Reading these charts. Distributions cover every model that has really been scored. Placeholder scorecards are excluded, so nothing here is an invented number. Trend lines need two or more scored years of the same model, which most nameplates do not have yet. Where a trend looks thin, that is coverage rather than the vehicle standing still. Spec scores are normalized within a body type, so a measurement is never compared across segments.

Body type

Make

Model years

Latest scored year only

Showing all 295 scored models

Base MSRP

SPEC · $weight 0295 models · 113 with a multi-year trendCompare all 295 →

Base MSRP including destination for the entry trim of the current model year; lower is better. Shown for reference — it isn't scored on its own, since the Effective 5-Year Ownership Cost below already prices in the volume trim.

Normalization: Scored against per-segment bands, inverted so lower is better — pick a body type to see its band. A measurement is never compared across segments.

Volume-Trim Price

SPEC · $weight 0295 models · 113 with a multi-year trendCompare all 295 →

MSRP of the volume (best-selling) trim as typically equipped; lower is better. Shown for reference — it feeds the Effective 5-Year Ownership Cost below rather than being scored on its own.

Normalization: Scored against per-segment bands, inverted so lower is better — pick a body type to see its band. A measurement is never compared across segments.

5-Year Maintenance & Repair Cost

SPEC · $weight 0295 models · 113 with a multi-year trendCompare all 295 →

Projected 5-year maintenance + repair cost (industry estimates, e.g. Edmunds/CarEdge class data); lower is better. Shown for reference — it feeds the Effective 5-Year Ownership Cost below rather than being scored on its own.

Normalization: Scored against per-segment bands, inverted so lower is better — pick a body type to see its band. A measurement is never compared across segments.

5-Year Resale Value Retention

SPEC · %weight 0295 models · 113 with a multi-year trendCompare all 295 →

Projected percent of MSRP retained after 5 years (industry residual estimates). Shown for reference — a high retention PERCENTAGE doesn't by itself mean cheap to own, so it feeds the Effective 5-Year Ownership Cost below, which converts it into actual dollars of depreciation, rather than being scored on its own.

Normalization: Scored against per-segment bands — pick a body type to see its band. A measurement is never compared across segments.

Effective 5-Year Ownership Cost

SPEC · $weight 70295 models · 113 with a multi-year trendCompare all 295 →

The total cost of owning this vehicle for 5 years: the dollar value lost to depreciation (volume-trim price minus its estimated resale value) plus projected 5-year maintenance and repairs. This is a calculated total rather than an independently researched figure. Lower is better.

Normalization: Scored against per-segment bands, inverted so lower is better — pick a body type to see its band. A measurement is never compared across segments.

Basic warranty

SPEC · yrweight 7.5295 models · 113 with a multi-year trendCompare all 295 →

Bumper-to-bumper warranty length in years (note mileage cap in displayValue).

Normalization: Scored against per-segment bands — pick a body type to see its band. A measurement is never compared across segments.

Powertrain warranty

SPEC · yrweight 7.5295 models · 113 with a multi-year trendCompare all 295 →

Powertrain (or EV battery/drivetrain) warranty length in years (note mileage cap in displayValue).

Normalization: Scored against per-segment bands — pick a body type to see its band. A measurement is never compared across segments.

Complimentary maintenance & perks

RATEDweight 15295 models · 113 with a multi-year trendCompare all 295 →

Included scheduled maintenance, roadside assistance, connected-service trials, charging credits.