The verdict
A capable mid-size luxury sedan, strong on safety and held back by ownership.
The 2025 Model 3 is one of the cheapest premium sedans to run and one of the easiest EVs to road-trip. It returns 128 MPGe and an EPA-estimated $600 a year in energy on the volume Long Range AWD, offers up to 363 miles of range, and has native Supercharger access. It's quick (4.2 s to 60) and well equipped from a $43,880 entry price. The trade-offs are serious, though: about 60% depreciation over five years, a cramped 35.2-in rear seat, no CarPlay or Android Auto, and a touchscreen-only cabin with no driver display. Buy it for running costs and charging convenience, not for resale or for rear passengers.
Jump to scoresStrengths
- Exceptionally cheap to run
- Seamless, easy road-tripping
- Quick, smooth and quiet
What holds it back
- Steep depreciation
- No CarPlay, no driver display, no HUD
- Tight rear seat
Top alternatives
Cars shoppers cross-shop with the Tesla Model 3
2.73B-
Hyundai Ioniq 6Mid-Size SedanBetter at: Charging speedThe direct EV-sedan competitor: nearly as efficient, faster to charge on its 800-volt system, and it keeps CarPlay, physical controls and a gauge cluster along with a far stronger warranty.
Compare
3.00B
BMW i4Compact Luxury SedanBetter at: Interior qualityFor a shopper at the same $45–55k who cares more about interior quality, steering feel and a liftback's practicality than about range or running cost.
Compare
2.84B-
Toyota CamryMid-Size SedanBetter at: Resale valueThe default fallback for anyone without home charging or worried about depreciation — cheaper to buy and insure, roomier in back, and it holds its value far better.
CompareHow it's evolved
10 scored model years · 2017–2026
Subject scores by year
Hover or tap a score to see what moved it versus the year before. A corner mark flags a big swing.
| Year | Performance | Efficiency | Safety | Space | Cost | Reliability | Tech | Use-case | Driving | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 76 | 74 | 84 | 77 | 50 | 64 | 68 | 59 | 71 | 74 |
| 2025 | 76 | 73 | 80 | 77 | 46 | 63 | 67 | 59 | 72 | 74 |
| 2024 | 76 | 73 | 77 | 76 | 36 | 65 | 66 | 58 | 72 | 76 |
| 2023 | 59 | 68 | 76 | 73 | 48 | 56 | 62 | 54 | 72 | 73 |
| 2022 | 58 | 68 | 79 | 73 | 37 | 47 | 65 | 55 | 72 | 71 |
| 2021 | 61 | 67 | 80 | 67 | 28 | 51 | 64 | 57 | 75 | 68 |
| 2020 | 61 | 68 | 81 | 64 | 64 | 52 | 61 | 56 | 75 | 75 |
| 2019 | 60 | 67 | 80 | 66 | 56 | 41 | 59 | 52 | 73 | 77 |
| 2018 | 56 | 63 | 71 | 62 | 52 | 51 | 62 | 53 | 71 | 74 |
| 2017 | 53 | 59 | 66 | 62 | 48 | 47 | 57 | 51 | 70 | 59 |
Compare two years
Best fit & conditions
Higher scores mean a better fit for that use case. Learn more about use-case fit →
Subject profile
Trims & configurations
3 trimsScores above reflect the volume trim. Per-trim specs and scores are rolling out — the full lineup:
Academic Probation · NHTSA safety recalls
Oct 10, 2025Electrical system: propulsion system: fuses, relays, contacts, and shuntsThe battery pack contactors may fail, causing a loss of drive power.
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2025 Model 3 and 2026 Model Y vehicles. The battery pack contactors may fail, causing a loss of drive power.
Risk
A loss of drive power can increase the risk of a crash.
Remedy
Tesla Service will replace the battery pack contactors, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed December 9, 2025. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-25-16-005.
NHTSA campaign 25V690000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-25-16-00512,963 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Dec 9, 2025Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3Jan 6, 2025Back over prevention: software · Electrical systemThe computer circuit board may short, resulting in the loss of the rearview camera image. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) number 111, "Rear Visibility."
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2024-2025 Model 3, Model S, 2023-2025 Model X, and Model Y vehicles. The computer circuit board may short, resulting in the loss of the rearview camera image. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) number 111, "Rear Visibility."
Risk
A rearview camera that does not display an image reduces the driver's rear view, increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy
Tesla released an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Tesla will also identify any vehicles that experienced a circuit board failure, or stress that may lead to a circuit board failure, and replace the affected computers, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed March 7, 2025. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-25-00-001.
NHTSA campaign 25V002000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-25-00-001239,382 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Mar 7, 2025Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3Dec 17, 2024Tires: pressure monitoring and regulating systemsThe tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) warning light may not remain illuminated between drive cycles, failing to warn the driver of low tire pressure. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 138, "Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems."
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2024 Cybertruck, 2017-2025 Model 3, and 2020-2025 Model Y vehicles. The tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) warning light may not remain illuminated between drive cycles, failing to warn the driver of low tire pressure. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 138, "Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems."
Risk
Driving with improperly inflated tires increases the risk of a crash.
Remedy
Tesla released an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed February 15, 2025. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-24-00-018.
NHTSA campaign 24V935000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-24-00-018696,281 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Feb 15, 2025Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3
33 recalls on other model years of the Model 3 (2017–2024, 2026)
Aug 4, 2026Exterior lighting: headlightsThe headlight low beams may be too bright and exceed the maximum light output. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) number 108, "Lamps, Reflective Devices, and Associated Equipment."
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2017-2023 Model 3 and 2020-2023 Model Y vehicles. The headlight low beams may be too bright and exceed the maximum light output. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) number 108, "Lamps, Reflective Devices, and Associated Equipment."
Risk
Headlight low beams that are too bright can reduce visibility for oncoming drivers, increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy
Tesla Service will replace the headlights, free of charge. Interim owner notification letters explaining the safety risk were be mailed October 3, 2026. Another notice will be sent once the repair becomes available. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-24-17-003.
NHTSA campaign 26V507000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-24-17-00320,349 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3Jul 7, 2026Air bags: knee bolster · Structure: body: bumpersThe vehicles were originally built for a foreign market and do not have knee air bags, may not be equipped with certain interior safety countermeasures, and may not have been tested for bumper impact resistance procedures. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard numbers, 208, "Occupant Crash Protection," 201, "Occupant Protection in Interior Impact," and Part 581, "Bumper Standards."
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2026 Model Y and 2024 Model 3 vehicles. The vehicles were originally built for a foreign market and do not have knee air bags, may not be equipped with certain interior safety countermeasures, and may not have been tested for bumper impact resistance procedures. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard numbers, 208, "Occupant Crash Protection," 201, "Occupant Protection in Interior Impact," and Part 581, "Bumper Standards."
Risk
A noncompliant vehicle may have reduced occupant protections, increasing the risk of injury during a crash.
Remedy
Tesla will repurchase noncompliant vehicles currently registered in the United States, free of charge. Owner notification letters are expected to be mailed September 5, 2026. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752 or [email protected]. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-26-00-004.
NHTSA campaign 26V445000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-26-00-00415 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3May 4, 2026Back over prevention: softwareThe rearview camera image may be delayed when the vehicle is placed in reverse. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 111, "Rear Visibility."
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2017, 2021-2023 Model 3, 2020-2023 Model Y, 2021-2023 Model S, and Model X vehicles operating software version 2026.8.6. The rearview camera image may be delayed when the vehicle is placed in reverse. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 111, "Rear Visibility."
Risk
A delayed rearview image reduces the driver's view behind the vehicle, increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy
Tesla has released an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed July 3, 2026. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-26-00-001.
NHTSA campaign 26V283000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-26-00-001218,868 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Jul 3, 2026Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3Jun 18, 2025Seats: critical fastenersThe fasteners attaching the seat back to the seat bottom may have been improperly tightened.
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2026 Model 3 and Model Y vehicles. The fasteners attaching the seat back to the seat bottom may have been improperly tightened.
Risk
The seat may not properly restrain the occupant, increasing the risk of injury during a crash.
Remedy
Tesla Service Centers will inspect and tighten or replace the seat assembly fasteners as necessary, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed August 16, 2025. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-25-13-003.
NHTSA campaign 25V410000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-25-13-00348 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Aug 16, 2025Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3Feb 14, 2025Steering: electric power assist systemThe printed circuit board for the electronic power steering assist may experience an overstress condition, causing a loss of power steering assist when the vehicle reaches a stop and then accelerates again.
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2023 Model 3 and Model Y vehicles operating software prior to 2023.38.4. The printed circuit board for the electronic power steering assist may experience an overstress condition, causing a loss of power steering assist when the vehicle reaches a stop and then accelerates again.
Risk
A loss of power steering assist can require greater steering effort, especially at low speeds, increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy
Tesla has released an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed March 25, 2025. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-25-00-004.
NHTSA campaign 25V092000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-25-00-004376,241 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Mar 25, 2025Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3Jul 24, 2024Electrical system: software · Latches/locks/linkages: hood: latchThe hood latch assembly may fail to detect an unlatched hood condition after the hood has been opened.
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2021-2024 Model 3, Model S, Model X, and 2020-2024 Model Y vehicles. The hood latch assembly may fail to detect an unlatched hood condition after the hood has been opened.
Risk
An unlatched hood can fully open, obstructing the driver's view and increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy
Tesla has released an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed September 24, 2024. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-24-00-012.
NHTSA campaign 24V554000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-24-00-0121,849,638 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Sep 22, 2024Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3May 28, 2024Seat belts: front: warning light/devicesIn the event of an unbelted driver, the seat belt warning light and audible chime may not activate as intended. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 208, "Occupant Crash Protection."
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2012-2024 Model S, 2015-2024 Model X, 2017-2023 Model 3, and 2020-2023 Model Y vehicles. In the event of an unbelted driver, the seat belt warning light and audible chime may not activate as intended. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 208, "Occupant Crash Protection."
Risk
A seat belt warning system that fails to alert occupants of an unbelted seat belt can increase the risk of injury during a crash.
Remedy
Tesla will release an over-the-air (OTA) software update. Owner notification letters were mailed July 26, 2024. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-24-00-008.
NHTSA campaign 24V376000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-24-00-008125,233 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Jul 26, 2024Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3Apr 19, 2024Air bags: side/window: thoraxTesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling one 2024 Model 3 vehicle. The driver seat side air bag module was assembled without a deflector that directs gas flow during deployment.
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling one 2024 Model 3 vehicle. The driver seat side air bag module was assembled without a deflector that directs gas flow during deployment.
Risk
Without a deflector, the air bag may deploy improperly, increasing the risk of injury during a crash.
Remedy
Tesla service replaced the side air bag, free of charge. The affected vehicle was repaired April 12, 2024. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-24-13-001.
NHTSA campaign 24V284000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-24-13-0011 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Apr 12, 2024Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3Feb 27, 2024Electrical system: software · Forward collision avoidance: warnings: external/pedestrian alertA factory reset muted the Pedestrian Warning System (PWS) sounds. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 141, "Minimum Sound Requirements for Hybrid and Electric Vehicles."
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2013, 2018-2021 Model S, 2020-2021 Model X, 2018-2022 Model 3, and 2020-2022 Model Y vehicles. A factory reset muted the Pedestrian Warning System (PWS) sounds. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 141, "Minimum Sound Requirements for Hybrid and Electric Vehicles."
Risk
Pedestrians may be unaware of an approaching vehicle if the PWS sounds are muted, increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy
Tesla released an over-the-air (OTA) software update, release 2023.44.30.14, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed April 27, 2024. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-24-00-006.
NHTSA campaign 24V153000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-24-00-0066,557 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Apr 27, 2024Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3Jan 30, 2024Electrical system: instrument cluster/panelAn incorrect font size is displayed on the instrument panel for the Brake, Park, and Antilock Brake System (ABS) warning lights. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 105, "Hydraulic and Electric Brake Systems" and 135, "Light Vehicle Brake Systems."
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2012-2023 Model S, 2016-2024 Model X, 2017-2023 Model 3, 2019-2024 Model Y, and 2024 Cybertruck vehicles. An incorrect font size is displayed on the instrument panel for the Brake, Park, and Antilock Brake System (ABS) warning lights. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 105, "Hydraulic and Electric Brake Systems" and 135, "Light Vehicle Brake Systems."
Risk
Warning lights with a smaller font size can make critical safety information on the instrument panel difficult to read, increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy
Tesla began releasing an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-24-00-003.
NHTSA campaign 24V051000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-24-00-0032,193,869 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Feb 21, 2024Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3Dec 12, 2023Electrical system: adas: driver monitoring: softwareTesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling 2012-2023 Model S, 2016-2023 Model X, 2017-2023 Model 3, and 2020-2023 Model Y vehicles equipped with all versions of Autosteer leading up to the version(s) that contains the recall remedy. In certain circumstances when Autosteer is engaged, the prominence and scope of the feature's controls may not be sufficient to prevent driver misuse of the SAE Level 2 advanced driver-assistance feature.
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling 2012-2023 Model S, 2016-2023 Model X, 2017-2023 Model 3, and 2020-2023 Model Y vehicles equipped with all versions of Autosteer leading up to the version(s) that contains the recall remedy. In certain circumstances when Autosteer is engaged, the prominence and scope of the feature's controls may not be sufficient to prevent driver misuse of the SAE Level 2 advanced driver-assistance feature.
Risk
In certain circumstances when Autosteer is engaged, and the driver does not maintain responsibility for vehicle operation and is unprepared to intervene as necessary or fails to recognize when Autosteer is canceled or not engaged, there may be an increased risk of a crash.
Remedy
Tesla will release an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed February 10, 2024. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-23-00-008.
NHTSA campaign 23V838000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-23-00-0082,031,220 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Feb 10, 2024Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3Jun 19, 2023Electrical system: propulsion system: traction batteryThe pyrotechnic battery disconnect may be defective.
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2023 Model 3 and Model Y vehicles. The pyrotechnic battery disconnect may be defective.
Risk
A defective battery disconnect may not isolate the vehicle's high voltage battery after a crash or fault detection, increasing the risk of electrical shock and injury.
Remedy
Tesla Service will replace the pyrotechnic battery disconnect, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed August 18, 2023. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-23-16-005.
NHTSA campaign 23V434000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-23-16-00526 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Aug 18, 2023Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3Mar 31, 2023Suspension: critical fasteners · Suspension: frontThe front suspension lateral link fasteners may loosen, allowing the lateral link to separate from the sub-frame.
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2018-2019 Model 3 vehicles. The front suspension lateral link fasteners may loosen, allowing the lateral link to separate from the sub-frame.
Risk
A lateral link separation could shift the wheel alignment, causing instability and increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy
Tesla Service will tighten or replace the lateral link fasteners as necessary, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed May 30, 2023. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-23-31-001. This recall is an expansion of previous recall number 21V-835.
NHTSA campaign 23V235000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-23-31-001422 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified May 30, 2023Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3Feb 15, 2023Steering: automated/adaptive steeringIn addition, the system may respond insufficiently to changes in posted speed limits or not adequately account for the driver's adjustment of the vehicle's speed to exceed posted speed limits.
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2016-2023 Model S, Model X, 2017-2023 Model 3, and 2020-2023 Model Y vehicles equipped with Full Self-Driving Beta (FSD Beta) software or pending installation. The FSD Beta system may allow the vehicle to act unsafe around intersections, such as traveling straight through an intersection while in a turn-only lane, entering a stop sign-controlled intersection without coming to a complete stop, or proceeding into an intersection during a steady yellow traffic signal without due caution. In addition, the system may respond insufficiently to changes in posted speed limits or not adequately account for the driver's adjustment of the vehicle's speed to exceed posted speed limits.
Risk
FSD Beta software that allows a vehicle to exceed speed limits or travel through intersections in an unlawful or unpredictable manner increases the risk of a crash.
Remedy
Tesla will release an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed April 15, 2023. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-23-00-001.
NHTSA campaign 23V085000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-23-00-001362,758 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Apr 15, 2023Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3Nov 15, 2022Exterior lighting: tail lightsOne or both taillights may intermittently fail to illuminate.
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2023 Model 3 and 2020-2023 Model Y vehicles. One or both taillights may intermittently fail to illuminate.
Risk
A taillight that fails to illuminate may reduce the visibility of the vehicle, increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy
Tesla has released an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed January 14, 2023. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-22-00-016.
NHTSA campaign 22V844000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-22-00-016321,628 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Jan 14, 2023Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3Oct 21, 2022Seat belts: rear/other: anchorageThe second-row left seat belt buckle and second-row center seat belt anchor may have been incorrectly reassembled during vehicle service.
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2017-2022 Model 3 vehicles. The second-row left seat belt buckle and second-row center seat belt anchor may have been incorrectly reassembled during vehicle service.
Risk
An incorrectly reassembled seat belt anchor can impair the performance of the seat belt during a crash, increasing the risk of injury.
Remedy
Tesla Service will inspect and reassemble the seat belt anchors as necessary, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed December 20, 2022. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-22-20-004.
NHTSA campaign 22V798000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-22-20-00424,064 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Dec 20, 2022Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3Sep 19, 2022Visibility: power window devices and controlsThe window automatic reversal system may not react correctly after detecting an obstruction. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 118, "Power-Operated Window Systems."
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2017-2022 Model 3, 2020-2022 Model Y, and 2021-2022 Model S and Model X vehicles. The window automatic reversal system may not react correctly after detecting an obstruction. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 118, "Power-Operated Window Systems."
Risk
A closing window may exert excessive force by pinching a driver or passenger before retracting, increasing the risk of injury.
Remedy
Tesla will perform an over-the-air (OTA) software update of the automatic window reversal system, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed March 31, 2032. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-22-00-013.
NHTSA campaign 22V702000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-22-00-0131,096,762 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Mar 31, 2023Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3May 9, 2022Electrical system: adas: driver monitoring: camera/sensor · Forward collision avoidance: automatic emergency braking · Lane departure: lane keep: automatic steeringThe fisheye and narrow camera cable terminals were incorrectly installed in the cable harness connector, resulting in swapped camera views.
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2020-2021 Model 3 and 2021 Model Y vehicles. The fisheye and narrow camera cable terminals were incorrectly installed in the cable harness connector, resulting in swapped camera views.
Risk
Swapped camera views can prevent the vehicle's cameras from detecting crossing objects and high-curvature lane lines, impairing the Autosteer and Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB) performance, and increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy
Tesla Service will correct the swapped terminals and recalibrate the cameras, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed July 8, 2022. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-22-17-007.
NHTSA campaign 22V317000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-22-17-0077 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Jul 8, 2022Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3May 3, 2022Back over prevention: display function · Equipment: electrical: infotainment: video (touch)screen/monitor/unitThe infotainment central processing unit (CPU) may overheat during the preparation or process of fast-charging, causing the CPU to lag or restart.
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2021-2022 Model S, Model X, and 2022 Model 3 and Model Y vehicles operating certain firmware releases. The infotainment central processing unit (CPU) may overheat during the preparation or process of fast-charging, causing the CPU to lag or restart.
Risk
A lagging or restarting CPU may prevent the center screen from displaying the rearview camera image, gear selection, windshield visibility control settings, and warning lights, increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy
Tesla will perform an over-the-air (OTA) software update that will improve CPU temperature management, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed July 1, 2022. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-22-00-009.
NHTSA campaign 22V296000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-22-00-009129,960 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Jul 1, 2022Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3Apr 18, 2022Electrical system: instrument cluster/panelThe unit of speed (mph or km/h) may fail to display on the speedometer while in Track Mode. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 101, "Control and Displays."
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2018-2022 Model 3 Performance vehicles. The unit of speed (mph or km/h) may fail to display on the speedometer while in Track Mode. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 101, "Control and Displays."
Risk
The driver may not know how fast the vehicle is traveling without the mph or km/h unit display, increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy
Tesla will perform an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed June 17, 2022. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-22-00-008.
NHTSA campaign 22V263000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-22-00-00848,184 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Jun 17, 2022Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3Apr 12, 2022Electrical system: software · Forward collision avoidance: warnings: external/pedestrian alertThe Boombox function allows sounds to be played through an external speaker while the vehicle is in motion, which may obscure the Pedestrian Warning System (PWS) sounds. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 141, "Minimum Sound Requirements for Hybrid and Electric Vehicles."
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2020-2022 Model Y, Model X, Model S, and 2017-2022 Model 3 vehicles. The Boombox function allows sounds to be played through an external speaker while the vehicle is in motion, which may obscure the Pedestrian Warning System (PWS) sounds. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 141, "Minimum Sound Requirements for Hybrid and Electric Vehicles."
Risk
Pedestrians may be unaware of an approaching vehicle if the PWS sounds are obscured, increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy
Tesla will perform an over-the-air (OTA) software update that will disable the Boombox functionality when the vehicle is in Drive, Neutral and Reverse modes, including Summon and Smart Summon, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed June 6, 2022. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-22-00-003. Note: This recall supersedes recall 22V-063. Vehicles configured with Summon or Smart Summon and already remedied under 22V-063 will need to have the new remedy software installed.
NHTSA campaign 22V235000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-22-00-003594,894 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Jun 6, 2022Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3Mar 18, 2022Back over prevention: display functionThe rearview image may not immediately display when the vehicle begins to reverse. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 111, "Rear Visibility."
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2018-2019 Model S, Model X, and 2017-2020 Model 3 vehicles equipped with Autopilot Computer 2.5 and operating certain firmware releases. The rearview image may not immediately display when the vehicle begins to reverse. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 111, "Rear Visibility."
Risk
A delayed rearview camera image reduces the driver's rear view, increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy
Tesla will perform an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed May 17, 2022. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-22-00-004.
NHTSA campaign 22V169000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-22-00-004947 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified May 17, 2022Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3Feb 4, 2022Electrical system: software · Forward collision avoidance: warnings: external/pedestrian alertThe Boombox function allows sounds to be played through an external speaker while the vehicle is in motion, which may obscure the Pedestrian Warning System (PWS) sounds. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 141, "Minimum Sound Requirements for Hybrid and Electric Vehicles."
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2020-2022 Model S, Model X, Model Y, and 2017-2022 Model 3 vehicles. The Boombox function allows sounds to be played through an external speaker while the vehicle is in motion, which may obscure the Pedestrian Warning System (PWS) sounds. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 141, "Minimum Sound Requirements for Hybrid and Electric Vehicles."
Risk
Pedestrians may be unaware of an approaching vehicle if the PWS sounds are obscured, increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy
Tesla will perform an over-the-air (OTA) software update that will disable the Boombox functionality when the vehicle is in Drive, Neutral and Reverse modes, free of charge. Owner notification letters are expected to be mailed April 5, 2022. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-22-00-003. Note: This recall has been superseded by Recall 22V-235. Tesla's number for the new recall is SB-22-00-003.
NHTSA campaign 22V063000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-22-00-003578,607 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Apr 12, 2022Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3Feb 2, 2022Electrical system: software · Visibility: defroster/defogger/hvac system: air handler/chamber, ducts, and valvesA software error may cause a valve in the heat pump to open unintentionally and trap the refrigerant inside the evaporator, resulting in decreased defrosting performance. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 103, "Windshield Defrosting and Defogging Systems."
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2021-2022 Model 3, Model S, Model X, and 2020-2022 Model Y vehicles. A software error may cause a valve in the heat pump to open unintentionally and trap the refrigerant inside the evaporator, resulting in decreased defrosting performance. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 103, "Windshield Defrosting and Defogging Systems."
Risk
Decreased defrosting performance may reduce the driver's visibility, increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy
Tesla will perform an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed April 1, 2022. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-22-18-002.
NHTSA campaign 22V050000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-22-18-00226,681 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Apr 1, 2022Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3Feb 1, 2022Electrical system: software · Seat belts: frontThe audible chime may not activate when the vehicle starts and the driver has not buckled their seat belt. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 208, "Occupant Crash Protection."
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2021-2022 Model S and Model X, 2017-2022 Model 3, and 2020-2022 Model Y vehicles. The audible chime may not activate when the vehicle starts and the driver has not buckled their seat belt. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 208, "Occupant Crash Protection."
Risk
The driver may be unaware that their seat belt is not fastened, increasing the risk of injury during a crash.
Remedy
Tesla will perform an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed April 1, 2022. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-22-00-002.
NHTSA campaign 22V045000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-22-00-002817,143 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Apr 1, 2022Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3Jan 27, 2022Steering: automated/adaptive steeringThe "rolling stop" functionality available as part of the Full Self-Driving (Beta) software may allow the vehicle to travel through an all-way stop intersection without first coming to a stop.
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2016-2022 Model S and Model X, 2017-2022 Model 3, and 2020-2022 Model Y vehicles. The "rolling stop" functionality available as part of the Full Self-Driving (Beta) software may allow the vehicle to travel through an all-way stop intersection without first coming to a stop.
Risk
Failing to stop at a stop sign can increase the risk of a crash.
Remedy
Tesla will perform an over-the-air (OTA) software update that disables the "rolling stop" functionality, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed March 28, 2022. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-22-00-001.
NHTSA campaign 22V037000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-22-00-00153,822 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Mar 28, 2022Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3Dec 21, 2021Back over prevention: sensing system: camera · Electrical system: wiring: rear compartment/trunk · Visibility: rearview mirrors/devices: interiorTesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling all 2017-2020 Model 3 vehicles. The rearview camera cable harness may be damaged by the opening and closing of the trunk lid, preventing the rearview camera image from displaying.
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling all 2017-2020 Model 3 vehicles. The rearview camera cable harness may be damaged by the opening and closing of the trunk lid, preventing the rearview camera image from displaying.
Risk
A rearview camera that does not function reduces the driver's rear view, increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy
Tesla Service will inspect and install a guide protector and new cable harness as necessary, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed April 24, 2022. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-21-17-008.
NHTSA campaign 21V00D000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-21-17-008356,309 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Apr 25, 2022Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3Oct 29, 2021Forward collision avoidance: automatic emergency braking · Forward collision avoidance: sensing system: camera · Forward collision avoidance: warnings · Forward collision avoidance: softwareA communication error may cause false forward-collision warning (FCW) or unexpected activation of the automatic emergency brake (AEB) system.
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2017-2021 Model S, Model 3, Model X, and 2020-2021 Model Y vehicles operating software version 2021.36.5.2. A communication error may cause false forward-collision warning (FCW) or unexpected activation of the automatic emergency brake (AEB) system.
Risk
Unexpected activation of the AEB system may cause the car to stop suddenly, increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy
Tesla Service has released an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. The recall began October 25, 2021. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-21-00-004.
NHTSA campaign 21V846000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-21-00-00411,728 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Oct 25, 2021Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3Oct 25, 2021Suspension: critical fasteners · Suspension: frontThe front suspension lateral link fasteners may loosen, allowing the lateral link to separate from the sub-frame.
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2020-2021 Model Y and 2019-2021 Model 3 vehicles. The front suspension lateral link fasteners may loosen, allowing the lateral link to separate from the sub-frame.
Risk
A lateral link separation could shift the wheel alignment, causing instability and increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy
Tesla Service will tighten or replace the lateral link fasteners as necessary, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed December 20, 2021. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-21-31-003.
NHTSA campaign 21V835000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-21-31-0032,791 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Dec 20, 2021Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3Oct 25, 2021Air bags: side/window: curtainThe left and/or right side curtain air bag may have been improperly secured to the roof rail, which could result in a twisted air bag. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard numbers 214, "Side Impact Protection" and 226, "Ejection Mitigation."
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2020-2021, 2023 Model 3 vehicles. The left and/or right side curtain air bag may have been improperly secured to the roof rail, which could result in a twisted air bag. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard numbers 214, "Side Impact Protection" and 226, "Ejection Mitigation."
Risk
A twisted side curtain air bag may improperly deploy, increasing the risk of injury or occupant ejection during a crash.
Remedy
Tesla Service will inspect and realign the left and right side curtain air bag as necessary, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed December 23, 2021. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-21-20-006.
NHTSA campaign 21V834000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-21-20-0063 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Dec 23, 2021Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3May 25, 2021Seat belts · Seat belts: critical fastenersOne or both fasteners that secure the front seat shoulder belt to the b-pillar may not be properly attached.
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2018-2020 Model 3 and 2019-2021 Model Y vehicles. One or both fasteners that secure the front seat shoulder belt to the b-pillar may not be properly attached.
Risk
An improperly attached fastener may prevent the seat belt system from performing as designed, increasing the risk of injury.
Remedy
Tesla Service will inspect and repair both fasteners if necessary, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed July 23, 2021. Owners may contact Tesla customer service online by visiting www.tesla.com/support/contact or by calling 1-877-79-TESLA (or 1-877-798-3752). Tesla's number for this recall is SB-21-20-001.
NHTSA campaign 21V389000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-21-20-0015,530 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Jul 23, 2021Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3May 25, 2021Service brakes, hydraulic: critical fasteners · Service brakes, hydraulic: foundation components: disc: caliperThe brake caliper bolts may be loose, allowing the brake caliper to separate and contact the wheel rim.
Defect
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2019-2021 Model 3 and 2020-2021 Model Y vehicles. The brake caliper bolts may be loose, allowing the brake caliper to separate and contact the wheel rim.
Risk
Contact with the rim may cause a loss of tire pressure, increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy
Tesla Service will inspect and tighten, or replace the caliper bolts as necessary, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed July 23, 2021. Owners may contact Tesla customer service online by visiting www.tesla.com/support/contact or by calling 1-877-79-TESLA (or 1-877-798-3752). Tesla's number for this recall is SB-21-33-002.
NHTSA campaign 21V387000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-21-33-0025,974 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Jul 23, 2021Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3Oct 10, 2019Equipment: other: labelsThe driver-side sun visor may not have the required air bag warning information. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) number 208, "Occupant Crash Protection."
Defect
Tesla Motors, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2019 Tesla Model 3 vehicles. The driver-side sun visor may not have the required air bag warning information. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) number 208, "Occupant Crash Protection."
Risk
Failure to provide the air bag warning information increases the risk of injury.
Remedy
Tesla will notify owners, and Tesla Service Centers will inspect the visor and replace it, as necessary, free of charge. The recall began December 6, 2019. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-19-15-003.
NHTSA campaign 19V719000 ↗Manufacturer no. SB-19-15-00389 vehicles potentially affected (all models in the campaign)Owners notified Dec 6, 2019Filed by Tesla, Inc.Filed as MODEL 3
Source: NHTSA Office of Defects Investigation recall database, model years 2017–2026. Recalls are listed by model year as the manufacturer filed them; whether a specific car is affected depends on its VIN — check a VIN at nhtsa.gov ↗. NHTSA model names matched to this page: MODEL 3.
Detailed scoring by subject
1Performance & PowertrainOne of the Model 3's strongest categories.3.18B
Scored on the Long Range AWD dual-motor, the volume configuration of the three-trim 2025 US lineup (Long Range RWD, Long Range AWD, Performance AWD — the LFP Standard RWD was dropped before MY2025). Tesla does not publish horsepower for non-Performance trims, so the combined figure is third-party.
Combined peak torque of the dual permanent-magnet motors, available from zero rpm. Tesla publishes no US torque rating, so this is a third-party figure.
Tesla's quoted 0–60 for the Long Range AWD is quick for a mid-size sedan and beats most six-cylinder German rivals; even the RWD's 4.9 s is brisk.
Instant, silent, linear thrust with no lag or engine handoffs; the Highland's acoustic glass and added insulation make it quieter than pre-2024 cars. Held below Lucid/BMW i4 by audible motor whine and an abrupt low-speed regen calibration.
Single-speed reduction gear per motor — nothing to hunt, shift or drone. Held short of the top because regen strength is not driver-selectable.
Dual-motor AWD is available on two of three 2025 trims (optional on Long Range, standard on Performance) at a mid-trim price point, with independent front/rear torque control but no terrain modes — appropriate for a pavement sedan.
Three battery-electric configurations (single-motor RWD, dual-motor AWD, high-output Performance) spanning 4.9 s to 2.9 s, but all share one battery and there is no hybrid or gas alternative; the cheaper Standard RWD was absent in 2025.
2Efficiency & RangeGrades above the middle of the scale.2.95B-
128 MPGe (26.4 kWh/100 mi) is among the most efficient dual-motor sedans on sale; the RWD trim is even better at 137.
Strong city efficiency for a dual-motor EV.
Low-drag Highland body keeps highway efficiency close to the city figure.
346 miles is comfortably above the EV-sedan midpoint; only the Lucid Air and a few long-range rivals clearly exceed it.
250 kW peak on a 400V pack is quick, though behind 800V Hyundai/Kia/Lucid/Porsche architectures on paper; Tesla's preconditioning and Supercharger density offset much of that.
Mid-pack for a modern EV — well behind the ~18 min of 800V rivals. Tesla quotes miles-added-in-15-min rather than a 10–80% time, so this is a corroborated third-party figure.
Among the cheapest running costs in the fleet at EPA standard assumptions; Supercharger-dependent owners will pay more.
No fuel grade concerns, cheap home Level 2 charging, and native access to the densest, most reliable DC network in the US with automatic route preconditioning. Held short of the ceiling by the 400V/250 kW limit and public-charging cost for owners without home charging.
3SafetyThe Model 3's best-graded category.3.47B+
NHTSA never crash-tested the 2024–2025 Highland Model 3 — both RWD and AWD 2025 listings read Not Rated — but the same-generation 2026 car was tested in September 2026 and swept five stars overall, frontal, side and rollover. Per the item rule (latest tested year of this generation) that rating carries to 2025; confidence is MEDIUM because it is a carried-forward generation rating, not a 2025 test.
The 2025 Model 3 earns a Top Safety Pick (not TSP+) with Good small-overlap results on both sides and a Good updated side test, but the updated moderate overlap front is only Acceptable overall (rear-passenger protection) and the side test's rear-passenger chest/pelvis measures are Acceptable. A TSP with Acceptable results sits at the top of the 50–79 band rather than in the 80s.
On the 2025 model year, standard Autopilot (Traffic-Aware Cruise Control plus Autosteer) came on every trim alongside AEB with pedestrian detection, forward collision warning, lane departure avoidance, blind-spot warning and auto high beams, and an alert-only rear cross-traffic warning arrived over the air in 2025.2.8. Tesla only removed Autosteer from standard Autopilot in early 2026, so that change doesn't apply to 2025 cars. It isn't rated higher because there is no safe-exit warning and no cross-traffic braking.
IIHS's updated front crash prevention tests rate the 2025 Model 3 Good for both vehicle-to-vehicle (it avoided collisions at every speed from 31 to 43 mph) and pedestrians, including the nighttime crossing-adult and crossing-child scenarios, which puts it in the top band. It loses a few points for long-documented phantom-braking complaints about the camera-only Tesla Vision system.
Blind-spot warning is standard, with indicator lights near the mirrors and a side-camera feed on the screen when you signal, and rear cross-traffic alert was added via OTA in 2025. Both are alert-only, though: there is no active blind-spot steering or braking, no rear cross-traffic braking and no safe-exit alert, all of which luxury rivals fit.
Autosteer, standard on 2025 cars, is widely judged one of the steadiest lane-centering systems: it tracks the middle of the lane through curves without ping-ponging. It loses points for steering-torque or camera nags and for abrupt hand-backs when lane markings fade.
Traffic-Aware Cruise Control covers the full speed range with stop-and-go, and it merges cleanly with Autosteer into one Autopilot mode. Recurring phantom braking on open highways keeps it out of the 80s, and automatic lane changes need the paid FSD (Supervised) package.
On HW4 cars, FSD (Supervised) allows hands-off driving monitored by the cabin camera, on highways and city streets alike, which is broader coverage than geofenced BlueCruise or Super Cruise. It isn't higher because it's a paid option or subscription rather than standard equipment, it remains a supervised Level 2 system, and it is under sustained NHTSA scrutiny.
IIHS rates the single headlight fitted to every trim, an LED projector with curve-adaptive function and high-beam assist, as Acceptable rather than Good. No trim gets a better lamp, which puts the car in the middle of the band.
Forward and side sightlines are excellent thanks to a low cowl, slim A-pillars and the glass roof. The fastback rear window is shallow, with no rear wiper, and Tesla offers separate camera feeds rather than a stitched 360-degree view, so the compensation is only partial.
IIHS rates the LATCH hardware Acceptable, with lower anchors at only the two outboard positions. The flat EV floor and a fairly wide bench help multi-seat fits, but the low roofline makes rear-facing installs tight.
4Space & ComfortOne of the Model 3's strongest categories.3.22B+
Five-seat sedan in every 2025 configuration (Long Range RWD, Long Range AWD, Performance).
Generous front headroom under the standard glass roof, top of the sedan band.
Above-average front legroom for a mid-size sedan.
Rear headroom is adequate thanks to the glass roof, though Consumer Reports still calls it limited for tall adults.
Rear legroom is the Model 3's main packaging weakness — well short of Camry/Accord-class sedans; CR reports knee contact for taller riders.
Trunk plus deep underfloor bin is large for a sedan, and the frunk adds more; opening is a conventional trunk lid.
Frunk, deep underfloor trunk well and a large sliding-lid console with dual wireless pads give clever storage; glovebox is screen-opened.
Front seats are supportive and ventilated on Long Range trims, but the rear seat is upright with poor thigh support.
Highland frequency-selective dampers removed the old car's harshness, but CR still ranks it behind the BMW i4 and Ioniq 6.
Acoustic glass all round makes the 2025 car markedly quieter than the pre-Highland model; still behind luxury-segment leaders.
With the base RWD Standard dropped for 2025, every trim gets heated front/rear seats, ventilated fronts, heated wheel, rear 8-in climate screen and app pre-conditioning.
5Cost of OwnershipThe Model 3's lowest-graded category.1.06D
For 2025 Tesla dropped the LFP-battery Standard Range RWD, so the Long Range RWD became the entry point at $42,490 before destination — a high starting price for a sedan, though not for the premium-EV peers it actually competes with. During the 2025 model year the AWD and Performance trims could still be offset by the $7,500 federal 30D credit for deliveries through 30 September 2025; that credit is excluded here.
The Long Range RWD is the entry and the volume configuration for 2025: it carries the 363-mile pack and the full Highland kit (glass roof, ventilated fronts, rear screen), so most buyers had no reason to step up. That puts it upper-middle of the sedan band — under a BMW i4 or Polestar 2 as equipped, above an Ioniq 6. Tesla publishes no trim mix, so volume-trim identification is MEDIUM; the AWD trim drew a share of buyers because it qualified for the federal credit.
No oil, plugs, belts, transmission or exhaust, and regenerative braking spares the pads, so scheduled maintenance is little more than cabin filters, tire rotations, brake-fluid checks and A/C service. The offsets are heavy tire wear on a torquey 4,000-lb sedan and steep out-of-warranty body and suspension work at Tesla service centres. Repairs are mostly covered by the 4-year basic warranty for the window.
Residuals are the weak link in the Model 3 ownership case. Repeated factory price cuts, the October 2025 arrival of a cheaper Standard trim priced about $5,500 under the 2025 entry car, and the end of both the new and used EV tax credits all push down what a 2025 car will be worth. Those pressures hit a 2025 car directly, and it was bought before the 2026 price reset.
Four years and 50,000 miles is better than the 3/36 most legacy brands offer and matches the German luxury makes, but falls well short of Hyundai, Kia and Genesis. The Supplemental Restraint System has a longer sub-term.
Eight years on the battery and drive unit is the federal norm for US EVs, so it competes rather than stands out. The explicit 70% capacity-retention floor puts a contractual limit on degradation risk.
Tesla includes no scheduled maintenance. Roadside assistance runs only for the 4-year/50,000-mile basic term, and Premium Connectivity becomes a ~$9.99/month subscription after a 30-day trial. The extras during the 2025 model year were promotional rather than standard: limited free-Supercharging windows, a free FSD trial and periodic FSD transfer offers. Genesis, by contrast, gives three years of maintenance plus valet service. Scored just under the 'basic roadside only' band.
$43,880 volume-trim price minus its estimated resale value after 5 years (40% retained, or about $17,552) leaves about $26,328 in depreciation. Add the projected $4,600 in 5-year maintenance and repairs, and owning this vehicle for 5 years costs about $30,928 in total.
6Reliability & QualityOne of the Model 3's weakest categories.2.22C
Mixed signals that have been improving: the 2025 car is the second year of the Highland generation, so its prediction rested on thin data, and Consumer Reports' latest survey data puts the Highland Model 3 at roughly average and names it the most reliable EV it tracks. J.D. Power still puts Tesla slightly below the industry average for dependability. That puts it in the middle of the mixed-signal band, below the Lexus/Toyota peers.
Tesla has just moved into the middle of the pack after years in the lower third. The jump is recent rather than a multi-year record, and long-term used-car data still ranks Tesla near the bottom, so it lands in the lower part of the mid-pack band.
This model year has a high recall count, and one recall is a real powertrain hardware defect: battery-pack contactors that can fail and cut drive power while driving. Most of the other campaigns were fixed over the air, but there is also an FSD-computer short that can take out the rearview camera and needs a hardware swap. That puts it at the bottom of the 'typical' band.
This is the strongest item in the category. Tesla's permanent-magnet drive units and battery packs have a large high-mileage fleet behind them since 2017, there is no multi-speed transmission to wear out, and battery degradation is modest. It sits a few points below its fleet record because of the 2025 contactor recall (25V-690), which is a powertrain-side hardware fault on this model year.
The Highland cabin carried into 2025 is a clear step up from the pre-refresh car: textile-wrapped dash and door tops, an ambient light strip, ventilated front seats and a rear touchscreen. Against mid-size luxury peers, though, the minimalist screen-only layout and lower-cabin hard plastics look thin for the price.
Assembly improved noticeably with Highland: tighter panel alignment, acoustic glass and a quieter cabin. Owners still report scattered paint and trim defects at delivery, and Tesla's quality-survey results remain around or below the industry average.
Coverage is adequate. A large mobile-service fleet and app-based scheduling handle many repairs without a shop visit. Against that, the company-owned network is far sparser than franchised luxury rivals outside major metros, and appointment and body-shop waits are well documented.
Collision parts come only through Tesla-controlled distribution and have documented backorders, few independent shops can do the work, and high repair severity pushes insurance premiums up. Routine maintenance is minimal (no oil service, and regenerative braking extends brake life), which offsets some of that.
7Technology & InfotainmentMid-pack among this car's ten categories.2.51C+
Very large center display, plus a rear-seat screen on every 2025 trim.
Tesla's OS is fast and slick, but routing mirrors, vents, gear selection and capacitive turn-signal buttons through touch is a real usability cost.
No Apple CarPlay or Android Auto on any Tesla; Bluetooth plus built-in streaming apps only.
Excellent native navigation with Supercharger routing and battery preconditioning; voice commands are capable for car functions.
Long Range AWD and Performance get a strong 17-speaker system with dual subwoofers; the Long Range RWD drops to 9 speakers.
There is no instrument cluster or driver display — speed and status render on the corner of the center screen.
Industry-leading whole-vehicle OTA updates covering infotainment, ADAS, powertrain and charging.
Tesla app is the segment benchmark: phone key, remote climate, charging control, Sentry Mode live view, summon.
Dual wireless pads and 65 W USB-C up front, USB-C in the rear; no 120 V outlet.
Phone-as-key walk-up unlock standard, key cards as backup, no start button needed.
High-resolution camera views and Tesla Vision park assist, but no ultrasonic sensors and no true stitched 360 view.
No head-up display offered on any 2025 Model 3.
8Use-Case FitOne of the Model 3's weakest categories.1.96C-
Large trunk helps with strollers, but tight rear legroom and a low roofline make rear-facing seats and loading kids a squeeze.
IIHS Top Safety Pick for 2025 with Good front crash prevention ratings and standard AEB/Autopilot on every trim; NHTSA listing for 2025 is Not Rated.
Rear screen, heated rear seats and a big trunk help, but rear legroom and the upright rear seat limit long trips for adults.
Smooth, quiet single-speed drive with Autopilot, but darty steering and button turn signals add friction in traffic.
Very low per-mile energy cost for a mid-size premium sedan.
Compact footprint for the class and reasonable turning circle, but camera-only park assist without sensors.
No US tow rating or factory hitch; a sedan trunk is the only cargo provision.
Proven in high-mileage rideshare/taxi fleets with a long battery warranty, but a glass roof and touch-only controls are not built for abuse.
No 120 V outlet or V2L, no hitch, no factory roof rails.
346-mile EPA range, Supercharger network access and quiet cabin make it a strong highway tourer; CR measured 334 mi at 70 mph.
Dual-motor AWD and Camp Mode help, but 5.5 in clearance, no tow rating and no roof rails keep it pavement-bound.
Large trunk plus frunk and 60/40 fold-flat seats, but a trunk lid rather than a hatch limits bulky items.
9Driving ExperienceGrades above the middle of the scale.2.90B-
Low battery-in-floor center of gravity, minimal body roll and quick response; one of the better-handling mainstream EV sedans.
Quick and precise but numb, and CR finds it overly sensitive on-center for everyday driving.
CR measured excellent stopping distances with a natural pedal; strong fixed one-pedal regen is grabby to some drivers.
Seamless single-speed dual-motor delivery with instant torque; regen calibration is the only rough edge.
Near-silent motors, with acoustic glass now suppressing most wind and road noise too.
Turning circle is unremarkable — toward the wider end of the sedan band.
Good front seat and outward view, but no driver display and touch-only control of mirrors, vents, gear selection and turn signals.
Quick and agile — 4.2 s in the volume AWD — but numb steering keeps it short of enthusiast favorite outside the Performance trim.
10Value & Market PositionGrades above the middle of the scale.3.01B
With the decontented Standard Range gone for 2025, even the entry Long Range RWD (~$43.9k delivered) comes fully equipped: 15.4" centre display, 8" rear touchscreen, glass roof, heated and ventilated front seats, heated rear seats, premium audio, power everything, and basic Autopilot. Two gaps keep it out of the top band. There is no Apple CarPlay or Android Auto at any price, and Full Self-Driving (Supervised) is an $8,000 add-on.
The 2025 Model 3 leads its class on range, efficiency and performance per dollar: 363 EPA-estimated miles from a $42,490 Long Range RWD, and 0-60 in about 2.9 seconds from a $54,990 Performance. AWD and Performance buyers could also claim the $7,500 federal credit for deliveries through 30 September 2025. Native Supercharger access adds ongoing value. Deductions are for the paid FSD option, extra-cost paint, and the loss of a sub-$40k entry trim this year.
For 2025 the lineup shrank to three trims: Long Range RWD, Long Range AWD and Performance, spanning $42,490–$54,990. Each is clearly separated by drivetrain and power, but nothing sits below the $42.5k entry. Option flexibility is minimal: paint, wheels, interior colour and FSD, with no packages or à-la-carte equipment. That is a narrow range at the edge of 'some gaps'.
The Model 3 remains by far the best-selling electric sedan in the US. Its 2025 volume was roughly flat on 2024 at around 190,000 units, many times what the i4, Ioniq 6 or Polestar 2 sell. The trajectory was erratic, though: a near-40% drop in Q1, a Q3 pull-forward before the tax-credit deadline, then a December down 42% year over year. Tesla's overall US sales also fell 7–9%. Segment leadership on a choppy line scores at the bottom of the top band.
2025 was the low point for Tesla's brand image in the US. Purchase consideration dropped sharply amid backlash over Elon Musk's political role, showrooms drew protests, and used-Tesla values slid. Owner loyalty, the Supercharger halo and the software reputation are still real assets, so the badge is polarising rather than toxic. On a mainstream buyer's shortlist, though, it is now a net drag.
Direct sales mean no dealer markup and no haggling. During the 2025 model year Tesla added repeated factory promotions on top: subsidised APR financing (down to 0–1.99% on some trims), free-Supercharging periods, FSD transfer offers and discounted inventory and demo cars. AWD and Performance buyers also got $7,500 at the point of sale until 30 September 2025. Those are meaningful buyer benefits without desperation pricing, but they depend heavily on timing.
2025 is the second North American year of the Highland refresh (January 2024). That update brought new styling, much better ride and NVH, ventilated seats, the rear touchscreen and stalkless controls, and the Highland Performance followed in spring 2024. The platform underneath still dates to 2017, and 2025 itself was a carry-over year, but over-the-air updates keep it current. Early-to-mid cycle.
Reviewers rate the Highland Model 3 highly on range, efficiency, charging and Supercharger access, pace, and its refinement gains over the original car. It also holds an IIHS Top Safety Pick+. It finishes as a frequent finalist rather than a routine winner. Comparison tests against the i4, Ioniq 6 and Polestar 2 fault the touchscreen-only controls, the stalkless steering wheel, the lack of CarPlay, and build-consistency complaints.
